Your salary spans the Basic Rate (20%) and Higher Rate (40%) bands. You pay 20% on income between £12,570 and £50,270, and 40% on income between £50,270 and £100,000.
Your estimated Income Tax on £100,000 is £27,432, giving you an effective Income Tax rate of 27.4%. Combined with National Insurance of £4,011, your total deductions are £31,443, or 31.4% of your gross salary.
Since your salary exceeds £50,270, the portion above this amount is taxed at the Higher Rate of 40%. National Insurance also drops from 8% to 2% above this threshold, providing a small offset.
Personal Allowance Taper: Your income exceeds £100,000, so your Personal Allowance is reduced from £12,570 to £12,570. This creates an effective marginal rate of 60% in this band, as you lose £1 of tax-free allowance for every £2 earned above £100,000.